Ethical Viewpoint

Introduction collective Social Responsibility (CSR) is always an on-going issue that companies piss to cope with. What atomic number 18 the responsibilities that companies should experience otherwise than the maximization of return to shargonholders and by taking such(prenominal) responsibilities, how it whitethorn affect the operation of the debaucheds as well as how in kernel such get a retentiveions could have on the decree. There have been two main(prenominal) positions on the CSR issue.The first is the Friedmanian matchless stating that in that respect is one and scarcely one social responsibility of concern to use its resources and engage in flakeivities designed to increase its additions so long as it stays inwardly the rules of the games (published in the book Capitalism and Freedom). The other view is that companies mickle and should quit from the goal of maximise pull in to send others responsibilities that help to bear on the total welf be of the whole society. I bequeath first cover these two view requests and come ab reveal my opinions on such reasons then, fin all toldy, draw up my induction on CSR. Discussion of the Friedman point of viewFrom the Friedman viewpoint, businessmen who seriously constrict the CRS such as fighting poverty, avoiding pollution atomic number 18 unwitting puppets of the apt forces that have been undermining the basis of a free society. He express that the responsibilities of a federation rest nearly in hand of the mend proprietors or the corporate executives. However, while sole proprietors are individuals i. e. they gutter act on their avouch behave, for corporate executives, in that location are several reasons that restrict them from exercise any other responsibilities than maximizing the return to shareholders takeers of the play along i. . third estately maximizing the remuneration. The first reason is that in a private-property system, the executive is an employee of the shareholders, which center that he voluntarily and personally agrees to work under the direction and oversight of the shareholders in return for salary or other remunerations. Therefore, the executive has to pull up with the shareholders pertain, which is usually maximizing the profit. In some representatives where the amuse of the shareholders is non economic one than the work of executive may vary further it moldiness be in line with the shareholders interest.This is withal enhanced by legal philosophy that the shareholders have the right to be or dismiss the executive. Therefore, if he can non comply with the shareholders interest, he can be fired, which, from a personal point of view, there is no level-headed for him to read CSR on behave of the corporation. In short, an executive of a faithful, who has a huge impact on how the theater acts, is stick come to the fore by the responsibility to the interest of the shareholders. This also implies that the ex ecutive can non deploy resources that are not owned by himself to other social usages i. e. e cannot let down the charge to stop inflation, he cannot mete out shape expenses for environmental practices beyond the legislation, he cannot give the earnings of the company to charity organizations. Because by doing so, he indirectly deadenings the interests of the owners of those resources. It seems that the CSR does not rest on the executives but rather on the owner of the company. Therefore, it may not suitable to discuss the role of the executive in conducting CSR but the decisions and interest of owners are what matter here. It is not affected whether the firm wants to conduct CSR or not but whether the owners want to take such responsibilities.The principal here is that whether for each one of us (as individuals) should sacrifice our personal interests for the common good. The second reason is that when firms do CSR, it violates the in force(p) constituent of labour in the society. Doing social responsibilities on behave of the company is the same as redistributing resources in the society, a process which is currently carried by taxationation system. This raises political questions in two levels principle and consequences. On the grounds of principle aspect, the taxation is through with(p) by the political sexual intercourse.There are structures, mechanism to determine who will be taxed, the tax level, and how the tax funds should be used. The whole process is to correct merchandise failures and make sure a fair and balanced distribution of resources for the society, in the name of the greater good. By doing CSR, the executive has taken the tax work of regime. He decides to tax shareholders, employees, customers, how much to tax (how much to spend on CSR) and how should the money is used, which makes him a civil servant, not the employee of the shareholders anymore.For the consequences aspect, it is doubted that a single act of an executive can surely pack to a positive effect on the whole society. Such a reduction in price can really slow down the inflation (or just make the whole indus hand over outputs decreases since other firms must lower their prices also to compete, and therefore, creates shortfall for the economy). Spending too much on environmental practice beyond legislation may increase price and draw the company out of business because of contest.Free-market mechanism works based on the assumption that It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker, that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest (Adam Smith The Wealth Of Nations, Book I, Chapter II, pp. 26-7, para. 12). Therefore, by deviating from self-interest, a firm who hard does CSR may be forced out of the market. However, Friedman has left out the case of default on transaction of doer i. e. what if the government cannot get together its responsibilities as correcting market failures and redistr ibuting resources.If these duties are not carried out, it then can cause harm to the whole society. We can see there is a dilemma here. If the companies take those duties, its main duty will be less efficient and cannot nucleotide in the market. On the other hand, if it does not care roughly these rest period duties, the whole society may go down i. e. the economic bar is shrinking. Let me summarize the reasons of the Friedmanian viewpoint on why company should not conduct CSR 1. The binding coitionship surrounded by owners and executives does not allow the executives to deviate the goal of the company from maximizing returns to owners 2.Doing CSR is considered as taxation on shareholders or employees, or customers, which, in a democratic world, is a job of government. 3. at a lower place the free-market mechanism, extra expenses arose from CSR can finally draw the company out of business All in all, the Friedmanian oblige produces a very strict and true(a) point the respo nsibility of companies to maximize the return of owners. It makes companies seem like insensitive machines designed to do nothing than maximizing owners interest. However, the idea is derived from the position of an executive, who does not have real power on decision making.Moreover, this model will exclusively work in such a condition where the government fulfills its responsibility and the model also assumes that there is only one company is doing CSR (if others do not also do CSR then unfair rivalry may happen). Discussion of the honourable point of view In line of merchandise to the viewpoint which is supported by the Friedman viewpoint presented above and the belief that CSR and profit go in concert that the only responsibility of companies is to maximize profit (in general) and not to do real CSR companies may conduct CSR if it helps to increase profit i. . CSR as a tool for profit maximization, not the true goal -, there may be good reasons for firm to deviate from maxi mizing profit. Firstly, I will discuss on how the Friedman viewpoint is refuted and then the latter viewpoint. look for Friedman viewpoint From the three main reasons of Friedman viewpoint above, there are expect reasons to refute them 1. There is a contract that binds the executive responsibility to the interest of the owners Such a contract does not simply release the mingled parties from others duties to other agentive roles i. . reduce or cancel their duties to the rest of the society. This also implied a fact that executives have a peculiar(prenominal) duty to the owners, which will be discussed later 2. The effective division of labour surrounded by companies and government (taxation aspect as an example) There are two reasons to refute this term. First, it is not the action of the executive that should be considered in this case but whether the owners would give up some of their acquires to promote other ends i. e. efute the notion that executives doing CSR as a taxatio n agent. Secondly, there are cases when the government cannot or not involuntary to do its duty, therefore, makes the whole model of ideal division of labour collapse. On the second reason, the author gives an example of Third World countries where governments are usually fail to fulfill their duties. However, this example is not so persuasive since in such countries, not only the governments default on their duties but other agents, particularly customers, do not grade the CSR.Therefore, if a company assumes to take the quietuss honor, it will lose its competitiveness and being drawn out of business. 3. The free-market competition does not allow firms to do CSR it is reasoned that if customers, employers, shareholders, government value the CSR activities of the firm then CSR will not push a firm out of business but conversely, can even help the firm grow. The article also criticizes the Friedman viewpoint by refute the notion that Firm has a redundant duty to its owners and it should takes preference over duties to others.A special duty may be formed when agents have a certain kind of relation to each other (the relation approach) or the universalistic approach that everyone has responsibilities to everyone else, but these general duties can be carried out more effectively if each agent is designate special duties, which it does best, towards a sterilizeed group. For the relation approach, the firm and the owners should have at least one of three kinds of traditions voluntarist tradition, the mutual social welfare tradition or the communitarian tradition.It seems that there is a voluntary tradition existent between the firm and the owners but it does not mean that each agent can pursue their own goal at all be since doing so, it may harm the voluntariness of other parties. Therefore, a voluntarist tradition also restricts the profit maximization. Based on the communitarian tradition, agents are partly defined by its relationships and mixed rights. Therefore, reducing the commitment to a group is the same as ever-changing the agents personality and that special duties should only arise from relationships that are key to the agents identity.Miller has created some criteria for such relationships (1) they belong together, (2) their companionship is neither transitory nor instrumental, (3) their community has distinctive characteristic, (4) there is loyalty in the sense of willingness to sacrifice personal gain to advance in the interests of the company. The relation between the firm and owners has failed heavily on criteria (2) and (4) and therefore, it fails within the communitarian framework. However, it is worth sceptical here about the criteria.In such a fast changing world, especially the explosion of virtual world the Internet, communities are formed, which can satisfy all of the above criteria (for example, the open source community, who develop computer programs and peer outturn together without cost to the public u sages) but leave no or very little traits (identity) on the parties. As the grounds for mutual benefit traditions, it is true that there is a mutual benefit tradition between firm and owners.However, it involves far more parties, who can be customers, business partners, government Therefore, the firms responsibilities cannot be limited only to the owners. Nevertheless, if then, can and should the company try to satisfy all of its stakeholders. This leads us to the universalistic approach, whether the firm should have special duty towards a group (owners), which it can do most effectively. The universalistic approach is built on the assumption that agents who are assigned special duties can carry out the duties, which means that governments can effectively correct market failures and redistribute income.In practice, this is not always the case and when the special duties cannot be done, they become the residual responsibilities of all. And it is worth notice here that division of dut ies is just a tool to promote the general duties. Therefore, when the government fails to effect its duty, the company should deviate from its special duty (maximize profit) and try to cover the residual duties. However, there are 2 problems with this reasoning. First of all, how can we measure if an agent has successfully performed its duty i. e. f the government has done a good job or not? Second, the residual responsibilities are rested on the entire society, not only the business. Therefore, only when other agents also try to participate in solving the responsibilities, are the general duties fulfilled. It helps to avoid the disadvantages to companies when they do CSR as mentioned in the 3rd reason of Friedman viewpoint. Only when the customers and other companies take part in the process, does the company not face the fact of being out of business due to unfair competition.In all of the relationship traditions mentioned above, the special duties of firm to owners has failed on some and partly fulfilled some. As a conclusion, the special duty of companies to owners is restricted by the duties to other agents and it may be changed (deviate from profit maximization) if necessary. CSR and profits do not always go together It is shown, by practices investigation that CSR will not always lead to positive economic profit and there is a limit for CSR expending (to some point, the cost will be more than the benefit).However, there seems to be a lack of time variable here in the research. For example, if the company builds 10 or 100 hospital for the city, it does not lead to much different economic profit. However, if the company continues supporting 10 hospitals for 10 years then it can create a commitment between the company and the community, which then results in customers loyalty. The profit from CSR should not only be measured at a fixed moment but also spread through a period of time.All in all, the ethical point of view states that companies do not have sp ecial duty to only the owners but it must act in a way that can comprehend its other duties to different parties in the society and in purchase order to do so, it may have to deviate from its ultimate goal i. e. maximizing profit. However, in contrast with the conditions for Friedman viewpoint, this assumption requires a condition where the government cannot fulfill its duty and other parties (competitors, customers, suppliers) must act in the same expression as the company (deviate from their own special duties if needed). ConclusionBoth articles pass on very interesting opinions on if firms should take on CSR or not. piece Friedman viewpoint, which based heavily on the assumption of private-property democracy and free-market mechanism, states that firms must only focus on one ultimate responsibility maximize owners return, the ethical viewpoint states that firms must also sacrifice its own self-interest i. e. profit in order to promote other ends for the society. I agree on th e assumption that executives have a special duty against the owner and that efficient division of labour should be respected in normal cases.A company can never satisfy all the responsibilities it has towards all other parties as or effectively. Only by dividing the general duties and assign them to subgroups, it makes sure they are done in the most effective way. Moreover, as an executive, if he or she tries to conduct CSR against the will of owners then the effect of such actions is neither real(a) or long lasting since the owners, according to law, have the right to appoint and dismiss executives on their will.This assumption also implies that social responsibilities do not rest on firms but rather on individuals. It is not whether firms do CSR or not but if each of the owner wants to sacrifice their own interests for the common good. CSR, at its best understanding, involve the participation of the whole society i. e. companies do not stand alone is this field and so, should no t be considered solely when debating on CSR issue. Other factors such as how the government does its duty and how customers, suppliers value the CSR have huge impact on the fact that should companies conduct CSR.Free-market mechanism is a very strong force that as long as our society depends on it, we must comfort it. Only when the customers beseech for such CSR value increases, does the companies do CSR. If this is not the case, companies are killing themselves. Therefore, no matter how intensive firms are on CSR issue, it will be so-so(p) and short-sighted if by doing so, threat the firms out of business. The debating question here is not about firms conducting CSR but about how society value CSR, which will then betoken the behaviours of firms.In conclusion, in current situation under the force of free-market mechanism, firms decisions are not the main forces that affect the CSR issues but how well other agents (especially government) fulfill their own duties and how society v alue CSR. The available solutions are that government must cleanse its performance (tighten the legislation, prevent corruption, protection for firms doing CSR) and the societys awareness of CSR value must be raised so that society will value CSR seriously (through education programs).Only then, can firms truly perform CSR without facing the dilemma of trade-off for economic profit, which is the main reason for firms to exist. All in all, for now, I agree to the statement of Milton Friedman that responsibility is to conduct business in unanimity with their (owners) desires, which generally will be to make as much money as possible while conforming to the basic rules of the society, both those corporate in law and those embodied in ethical custom. The question is how such basic rules will drive the behaviours of companies.

Feasibility Report Essay

The company lead wander custom-made cakes, cupcakes and java. The revenues from the p atomic number 18ntage entrust come from the sale of decorated cakes and cupcakes, as well as coffee for customers who visit the shop. The tune pull up stakes advertise revenue from service cake decoration and creation of the centerpieces of numerous of the approximately remarkable occasions of the lives of clients. Service revenue will come from divergent customized cake designs, decoration and bake creations. The line of reasoning will use many different designs as discussed by Graham (2007) and Wilson (2011). The major revenue seeded player during the initial year will be service revenue, including drink, cakes, and cupcakes sales. The occupancy includes move into service. It will have two ordering deli very(prenominal) channels promise orders and via online ordering. In addition, parking bays will be provided at a fee. The project revenue from parking bays will be $75000 per year. The revenue from the sale of cupcakes, cakes and drinks is communicate to be $ lakh yearly. The revenue from custom-making service will be $50000 annually. therefore, the totality projected revenue will be $225000. Cost DriversThe business will consider the make ups in order to stay in business (Marron, 2014) (Kidder, 2012 ). a) Upfront CostsSince the business is vernal, there will be some(prenominal) starting appeals beforeofficial opening. Upfront costs dwell of the purchase of furniture and fittings (table, chairs, coffee machines, installation of EFTPOS (electronic funds transfer at point of sale) and computers, cutlery, and front decoration (Ilasco and Seto, 2012 ) (Spencer, 2010). Advertising expenses will consist of the announce campaign in the initial year. The advertising drive will be geared towards increasing sales to cater for the some separate costs (Marquis, consider Media, 2014). Materials for shop decoration will be used to attract new customers. The tot al cost will include the cost of employing an interior designer. In addition, the business will consider the bond for the rent. This is because the expense must be stipendiary prior before the business is opened. There will be other upfront costs that will include the certificates and legislations required for the business opening (Department of Health, 2014). b) Fixed CostsOwing to the scenic area of Melbourne, the exalted cost of rent must be taken into account. Utilities like lighting, heating, peal lines, internet router and air conditioning have to be considered before the official opening. The business will choose a cheap electricity supplier. There are many to choose from (Smart Utilities, 2014). For an attractive design of the display in the shop, an interior designer with experience will be sought in one case per year. The cost associated with this will be recorded as expenses for design. Besides, the parking bays term of a contract will be a yearly fixed cost nonrecrea tional to Melbourne City Council (Hamer, Currie and Young , 2011). The parking bays will be provided to increase revenue. The business will take legislations into consideration, because set annual fees will have to be paid to the relevant bodies to ensure business continuation. c) Variable CostsThese are the expenses that will miscellany with the output of the business. The main variable cost in the cake and cupcake shop is raw materials used in the production of cupcakes, coffee and cakes such as lollies, vegetables, fruits, flour, milk, coffee beans and chocolate (Leach and Melicher, 2014). The cost of vegetables and fruits will change depending on seasonal and weather changes. There will be other variable costs like package expenses boxes, bags, staff wages and utilities. The workers in the shop will include1 baker1 decoratorJunior casual staffWages will be paid fortnightly. Additionally, the business will offer staff uniforms and training opportunities.There will be allowance of discount expenses owing to the high-inventory turnover and the need to come out fresh products. On special occasions, the business may have deals or offers that will reduce the unit profit. There will be other expenses like machinery maintenance, new fittings and insurance. These will be required as the business grows. resourcefulness Requirements/MappingHuman ResourceIt will be very easy to get the key employees as it will only ingest placing adverts on the street notice boards. There will be an added cost of interviews, as well as paying the Melbourne City Council (City of Melbourne, 2014).Physical ResourceProperty for lease is available in the area identified. Due to the tantrum of the area, the cost of lease is high. However, the expected returns are high. The business premises will be gotten under a one-year lease. This will save the cost that may be incurred in paying monthly costs. Similarly, it will stave off the costs associated with monthly rent increases. Financia l ResourceThe total inauguration cost is $130000. The business will raise $30000 and $ ten thousand0 will be obtained from the bank as loan. Costs for maintenance will be catered for by the revenue from the business. Investment SizeThe business plans to raise $130000 to meet its startup cost. The funds will be used for Developing the companys cupcake and cakes store locationFinancing for the first year of operation upper-case letter to buy baking equipment and ovensThe company will contribute $30000 to the venture. The remaining $100000 will be financed by the bank as loan. Projected inauguration CostsInitial Lease Payments and Deposits$20000Working Capital$60000Security Deposits$20000 start Supplies$10000Company Vehicle and Lease Deposits$2000Marketing Budget$10000Miscellaneous and Unforeseen Costs$8000Total Startup Costs$130000ReferencesAaron Marquis, inquire Media , 2014. The Average Profit Margin for a Cake Bakery. Online obtainable at http//smallbusiness.chron.com/average-pr ofit-margin-cake-bakery-14214.html Accessed 11 05 2014.Department of Health, V. A., 2014. Starting a food business. Online Available at http//www.health.vic.gov.au/foodsafety/bus/foodbus.htm Accessed 11 05 2014.Graham, J., 2007. The Crabapple Bakery Cupcake Cookbook. Print ed. London Penguin group (USA) Incorporated. J. Leach, Ronald Melicher, 2014 . Entrepreneurial Finance. 5 ed. Stamford Cengage Learning. Kidder, D., 2012 . The Startup Playbook Secrets of the Fastest-Growing Startups from Their Founding Entrepreneurs. Illustrated ed. San Francisco Chronicle Books. Marron, D., 2014. Cupcake Economics. OnlineAvailable at http//dmarron.com/2009/11/28/cupcake-economics/ Accessed 11 05 2014.Meg Mateo Ilasco, Catherine Seto, 2012 . Mom, Inc. The Essential Guide to caterpillar track a Successful Business Close to Home. Illustrated ed. San Francisco Chronicle Books. Melbourne, C. o., 2014. range and valuations. OnlineAvailable at https//www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/buildingandplanning/rat esandvaluations/Pages/RatesandValuations.aspx Accessed 11 05 2014.Paul Hamer, Graham Currie, William Young , 2011. Parking toll Policies A review of the Melbourne congestion levy. Australasian Transport Research meeting place 2011 Proceedings , 1(1), pp. 1-16. Spencer, P., 2010 . Start a Cupcake Business Today. London InformationTree Press. StartupBizHub, 2014. Starting a Cake Business. OnlineAvailable at http//www.startupbizhub.com/starting-a-cake-business.htm Accessed 11 05 2014.Utilities, S., 2014. Compare Electricity Rates in Victoria. Online Available at http//www.smartutilities.com.au/electricity-comparison-victoria/ Accessed 11 05 2014.Wilson, D., 2011 . Bakers house Guide to Cupcakes. Unabridged, reprint ed. New York City Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.

Dr Martin Luther King Essay

We mess never be satisfied as long as our children are stripped of their selfhood and robbed of their dignity by signs stating For Whites Only. We cannot be satisfied as long as a blackamoor in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied, and we leave not be satisfied until justice rolls down kind rubor water and righteousness like a mighty stream. This part within Dr. major powers language was very powerful as it gives you images of the mistreatment towards blacks, and their emotions, how it makes them step. He uses figuritive actors line in the last sentence as he says we will not be satisified until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream, that is a similie. He was protesting against what rights the blacks did not have. I have a dream that atomic number 53 day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be open to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I can see blacks and whites setting down at the table eating dinner and telling each other how their days went.That particular sentence change my heart with what Dr. King believed could and should be. I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interpolation and nullification one day right there in Alabama, atomic black boys and black girls will be able to join hand with little white boys and white girls as sisters and rothers. Little black boys and girls connection hands with little white boys and girls is what imagine he provided with that phrase. His whole speech was filled with love and kindness. Multiple emotions were put off towards the audience to feel the pain of the mistreated black men and women and then the happiness and intermission between blacks and whites if their wasnt a racial issue.

Transition Highschool to College

Sandra kindete A Transition from noble enlighten to College Education is a general establish of learning and gaining knowledge from different slew and places. In United States exalted school and college argon the main educational grounds that help spate to achieve their goal and enhance their knowledge. From my personal experience, transition from high school to college was not only an exciting experience but also a challenging one because it was a struggle for me to adjust and cope into naked as a jaybird environment and rules. There are m whatever differences however, there are near similarities between high school and college.High school is a free educational ground. First of all, work load in high school is a lot easier which enables students to exhaust enough judgment of conviction to relax. Students go past more than 6 hours in week with their teacher and they are roughlyly guided and directed done everything. Their workloads tend to neither be complicated nor har d thus, they get most of their radixwork subsidisations done in class which provides them term to relax. For example, In my math class (pre calculus), my teacher spend one and half class end teaching and leave the rest of the 30 minutes for us to detain with assignings.Since I am never behind with completing my assignments Instead of me academic session and relaxing ,I use the 30 minutes to complete my homework assignment, so that I wouldnt gestate any homework assignment. In addition, responsibilities and duties in high school tend to be much easier and not complicated. High school teachers frequently remind their students to do their homework and to turn it in on the due hear nevertheless, if you havent completed your assignment on the due date, you go off still turn it in any other day and lose some points.For instance, at the beginning of my aged(a) year, I was slacking off I wasnt turning in my homework assignment and even though, I turned it in it was modern. As t he days, went by my GPA was starting to drop because of various reasons but in general was not turning in my homework assignments on the due date or not turning them in at all. Later on that day, I decided to go and talk to my teacher to see if she depart give me a chance for turning them in and receiving a late faith for them. Luckily, since it was high school, my teacher was more relaxed and flexible, so she gave me late credit for them.Furthermore in high school, your time is organized by either your parents or counselor. Throughout my high school years, my schedule was arranged by my counselor. alike I could always count on my parents and teachers to guide and remind me on completing my duties. For instance In morning, my parents always wake me up for school, so that I didnt miss my bus and when I am home they ask me or remind me to complete my homework assignment. In addition, students have limited resources and materials in school for studying. College, on other hand, is a n expensive educational ground of learning and experiencing new materials and cultures.College students are older and matured, so they are expected to be responsible and their work load is more animated and hard-foughty. College students spend less time with their professors. During my first year of college, I had an look for paper assignment that was due 1159 am the contract day . Since, we spend less time with our professor in class, I barely had time to brainstorm some ideas or pre write my shew in class. As the result, I did most of my assignments and studying outside of class. Moreover, in my first year of college, at the beginning of the semester, my professor gave us an assignment that was due 1159p. the same day. But since, it was my first year of college and I was learning how cope with the intense work load and take away my time. It was difficult for me to catch up with my homework assignment on time because I had a lot of assignment and not only I couldnt organize m y studying time but also I spend majority of the time hanging out with friends as a consequence, I didnt turn in some of my homeworks on time therefore, I ended up getting a set on my assignments. As a college student, you are excepted to responsible for managing of your declare time and turning in assignments on the due date.Lastly, when you in college, you are considered as an adult. You set up your own schedule with the help of an advisor. You get to manage your own time and determine what time you want to study and what time you want to hang out with your friends. In addition, colleges always have unfailing resources of studying in the school. Overall, college students have control on their lives you make your own decisions and choices. In conclusion a transition from high school to college can be a difficulty and a challenging experience ecause in high school, most of your time is either managed by your parents or teachers, so students barely have control on their lives and they more relaxed however its a mainly free educational ground where students first get to learn and enhance their knowledge. College, on other hand, is an expensive and diverse educational ground. College students are considered as adult, so you are responsible for your own choices and actions. In college, not only you get to have control on your lifespan but also you also get to meet different people and share, experience and learn different cultures.

The Guide to the Perfect Date

Kendra Okey The come about to the Perfect Date Do you think the perfect date would be going to taco bell? Or how about White go? The perfect date, as we all enjoy it to be, would not be every of those two places. The perfect date would be something that was heartfelt and was meant to touch your date. The terzetto things that would make the date perfect would be the occasion of the date, the location for the date, and intimately importantly the represent that was appropriate for the occasion.First, impress your girlfriend/boyfriend by planning the date on a day that has a finicky meaning to you and your date. Yes, we all go on those little dates with our boyfriend/girlfriend, alone the perfect date would be for an event that means something. A peculiar(a) occasion could be an anniversary, Valentines Day, or peradventure even a proposal. The second thing that would make the date perfect would be the location of the date. For instance, if you were going out for an anniversar y, you would not take your date to White Castle.You would in all likelihood take them to a nicer restaurant like Applebees or olive Garden. On the other hand, if you were going to propose to your date, you would probably take them to a really fancy restaurant like Eagles Nest. The third, and virtually important thing to make a date perfect, would be the gift you formulate for your date. For example, if you were going out for your two grade anniversary, you would probably get your date a card with a sweet little not inside and a bouquet of flowers.However, if you were going out for your two year anniversary, you would probably surprise her with a card, a bouquet of flowers, and box of chocolate, and maybe even pop the question by the end of the night. Now that you know a little about the perfect date, I hope you potentiometer impress your girlfriend/boyfriend on your next particular(prenominal) occasion. besides remember the perfect date is a special date that is meant to impr ess your girlfriend/boyfriend. Make sure you take them on a special day, take them somewhere that is appropriate, and make sure you bring the perfect gift. If you do these things, you are sure to impress your date.

Gender and Family Essay

It stomach be give tongue to the males make up the vast majority of the prison population. It can also be said that men be just plain opposite than women when it develops to ethics, morals, and violence. Whether gender has whatever influence on whether or non a crime is pull is non fully understood, but there atomic number 18 many theories.What are some current explanations for gender differences as they relate to guilt? ** there are many adopts and theories as to if and how gender affects delinquency. One of the major theories is the gender-schema conjecture which basically states that society influences create girls feminine and boys masculine and that they are evaluate to adhere to those gender roles. opposite(a)s theorize that differences are based on traits and that it is the interaction of biological and psychological traits with the social environment that produces delinquency (Siegel & Welsh, p. 142). Much of this has to do with child development. Other the orists believe social factors such as family aliveness and friendships play a major role in criminal behavior. The feminists transport that crime rates take fluctuated because of the increased role women devour in todays society .Another contributor to the debate is the power-control theory which attests that women broadcast less crime because men have a role as the breadwinner for the family.How does family affect delinquency?* Much of our life is based on relationships and family is a big part of that. Family relationships, or the lack of relationships, can influence aperson in many ways. The affect is unique to the person and their slip so it is hard, if not impossible, to determine if family interactions can influence criminal behavior. *How does family makeup affect delinquency?* Factors in regards to family makeup that affect delinquency can include divorce or separation, economic stress, abuse, as well as lack of adequate or positive adult supervision. The family inter actions can each be a positive influence or a oppose one which could increase the risk for overdue behavior. *How does family behavior influence delinquency?** There are four categories of family behavior that are possible contributors to bedraggled behavior. These include family breakup, conflict, deviance, and neglect (Siegel & Welsh, p. 159). These factors can combine or work one after another to create a high risk environment for delinquent behavior. enquiry done in regards to these four relationship theories and their applicability is still controversial. * in a bad way(p) marriages, separation, divorce, and remarriage all contribute to an unstable home environment. The institution of marriage is no longer what it used to be. There have been studies done, but none have concluded with substantial results on this issue. Although the divorce rate has increased to, it has not been shown that this has been caused by family breakup. The theory that family conflict can lead to d elinquency has shown in research to be a contributing factor in delinquency. Adolescents who are incarcerated report growing up in dysfunctional homes (Siegel & Welsh, 161).This can cockeyed anything from parents who argue a lot to parent-child conflicts based on rules or punishment. Other family members who exhibit deviant behavior can also have a negative influence. When delinquent behavior appears to be acceptable and other family members are participating in criminal acts, children or other siblings whitethorn view it as an appealing practice or condoned behavior. Neglect can come in many forms and is also a theory behind what causes delinquent behavior. Although each family structure is different withcontributing cultural factors, there may be a link between children who do not have a strong parent-child connection. Problems may arise due to inconsistent discipline, misfortunate supervision, or family resources being stretched too thin due to family size or economic situation s.Are delinquent females handle differently than delinquent males by members of the juvenile justice system?* Yes, female juvenile offenders are hardened differently than male offenders. They are less likely than males to get arrested and supercharged for a crime. However, once charged, females typically receive a harsher punishment.Are they treated unfairly?* Typically, female offenders are under more scrutiny of stereotypes than males. Society, and those employed in the juvenile justice system hold females to a different moral standards than men. However, this is dependent upon the situation as well as the location. *Do they benefit from being female? Why or why not?* In some ways, females benefit from gender inequality, but in other ways it works against them. While they may not get arrested as often, once in the system they often deal with unfair conditions. In fact, Institutionalized girls report that they are given fewer privileges and less space, equipment, programs, and word than institutionalized boys (Siegel & Welsh, p.152).ReferencesSiegel, L. J. & Welsh, B. C. (2005). Juvenile delinquency The core. (2nd ed.). Belmont, CA Thomson Wadsworth.

Analysis of Oroonoko Essay

Oroonoko is a spell who symbolizes honor and love. The nameless vote counter is as well as a believer of Oroonokos stand. The narrator on the first part of the horizontal surface talked of the place of Surinam as a very beautiful place. Behn tries to attract the reader to continue rendering the story by giving the details of the place with all its innovationts and animals. The ending of the people is also a part of the first stage of the story. Oroonoko is the story of the African Prince named Oroonoko and of his love Imoinda. They were captives of the British they were brought to Surinam as slaves. The story is brand in South America.The narrator became a friend of the Prince Oroonoko anh his love, Imoinda. The narrator wrote the account as Oroonoko gave his story. The British colonists did not use the natives to turn on the plantations. They look for slaves to work on these, so they got slaves from Africa. The narrator after giving an account of the place, Surinam, the ne xt location of the story is Cora opustien, straightway known as Ghana, found in the western coast of Africa. Cora homosexualtien is the place where the Prince Oroonoko will meet his wife, Imoinda. The king who is a hundred years old is the grandfather of Oroonoko.The hardship of Oroonoko starts when his love, Imoinda is also the affection of the king. The king falls for Imoinda. Being the king he sends the royal overcloud to Imoinda, that the beautiful girl cannot refuse. The royal veil signifies she is now the wife of the king. Imoinda now stays in the Otan or the royal seraglio, a place where unless the king can visit. Aboan, a friend of the Prince boosters him to go into the otan. Aboan keeps Onahal one of the of age(p) wives who teaches the new wives how to make love to the king and how to deal with everything with regard to the king.Oroonoko is caught further he flees. Although Imoinda is sold to slavery, the king tells Oroonoko that Imoinda is honorably put to death. Or oonoko sells slaves who are captives from war. The British trade for slaves in Coramantien. The headwaiter of the vessel invites Oroonoko and friends to be the guests, as they card their vessel. Little did Oroonoko know that he was now a slave. When they learned they were slaves, Oroonoko and friends ref apply to eat, the Captain promises them fall by the waysidedom upon the vessels arrival in Surinam, but when they name the place, Oroonoko is sold to Mr.Terfry.He is a very well-mannered man and a very intelligent overseer of the Parham Plantation. It is in this moment that the narrator meets the prince. Mr. Terfry befriends Oroonoko. twain Mr. Terfry and the narrator assured to Oroonoko they will be set-free upon the arrival of the lord-governor Willoughby in Surinam. Oroonoko is neer sent to work. He resides away from the rest of the slaves, because of his social status, his education and frank looks were taken into consideration. One day as Mr. Terfry and Oroonoko are walk ing, Oroonoko sees the love of his life, Imoinda.Oroonoko prop on to his promise not to fall in love to any new(prenominal) woman except Imoinda felt so happy when they see each other. They embrace each other, got get hitched with later and Imoinda now pregnant. imputable to Imoindas pregnancy Oroonoko is bothered that his child will be natural a slave. Despite of the promises of Mr. Terfry and the narrator that everything will be fine when the lord-governor arrives in Surinam. They diverted Oroonokos attention by allowting hi go to fish, hunt and visit the other natives in the nearby villages.Together with the other natives Oroonoko stage a revolt on a Sunday as the white were drunk. The group of Oroonoko was easily traced as the group left a trail. Oroonokos group wanted to go back to Africa once they envision a ship, but they planned to settle near the shore succession they were looking for a ship. The narrator s trough gets an account of the event patronage of fleeing. Byam, the deputy-governor talked to Oroonoko to surrender and promised him absolution. The deputy-governor lied as Oroonoko was brutally-whipped when he surrenders.His wounds were powdered with pepper. Oroonoko now ascertains, he will never be a freeman together with his family. Oroonoko tells Imoinda of his plan to kill her and revenge against Byam and will kill himself. Imoinda thanks his husband of her honest death. Oroonoko cuts the throat of Imoinda. Finally Imoinda dies. Oroonoko had no strength after the death of Imoinda. He was so depressed to stand and take revenge to Byam. The stench of the shortly body of Imoinda brings Byams men to the site. Byams men now set out to kill him. Oroonoko stood his ground.He was killed standing stoically, smoking his pipe as the killers chopped him to death. The story tells of a very brave man, a man of valor despite of his color and race. Oroonoko is a man of dignity and honor. He never broke a promise especially with regards to his hea rt. Nowadays, a man like Oroonoko is hard to find. The writer wanted to impart to her readers that Oroonoko will be the symbol of a man of valor and honor. He stood his love till the last drop of his love. Every woman wants to have Oroonoko for her love. Oroonoko not totally held on to his love but also stood for his people.The many readers of this story flavor that the writer was a racist by heart, but for me she only used this as a facade to the story to make you feel compassionate for the oppressed. That the Africans despite of their race and color they unflurried hold-on to their values. The story was made in the 17th century but up to this time you could still feel the oppression belonging to the lower class. Oroonoko wants us to be aware of our principles and values. We as good citizens of our countries should not be corrupted by anybody. Oroonoko had been betrayed so many times almost by all the characters but still he held on.He was also betrayed by Imoinda when she chos e the old king instead of Oroonoko. Oroonoko was called Caesar by the whites, maybe because of his gallant stand during war. Although he was treated not a free man they still called him Caesar. He was called Caesar but was not free to do what he wanted. Despite off all the misdeeds of the whites, Oroonoko still prise the colonists and he also respected the slaves. Due to his greatness in battle, the whites were also scared when Oroonoko staged a revolt together with the other natives. Oroonoko is thwarted that there is no justice and honor for slaves in the west.The writer depict Oroonokos group as very noble. They were slaves but the narrator did not do anything to help them. During the event of the escape of Oroonoko and the natives the narrator also fled. The narrator left them behind. This could have been the best time to help them. Also Byam promised amnesty but Oroonoko was tortured upon his surrender. The narrator coul have negotiated for Oroonoko and the slaves. The narrat or used we to be a member of the slaves but she was not able to do anything to help them. She fled in time when Oroonoko and the natives tried to escape from captivity.The writer wanted to let the readers kick down value to the qualities that Oroonoko had. This time many do not give value to honor, love and promises. They keep a vow now presently to be forgotten. Despite of the racial discrimination, Oroonoko did not give in to what the colonists wanted, he stood his ground bravely. Especially for his love Imoinda. Imoinda was wife to the king still Oroonoko married her and loved her till death. If Oroonoko could only be alive now, he would still be so in love with Imoinda. Oroonoko would be the man of his extension and even still be the man of this generation.Referenceshttp//fiction.eserver.org/novels/oroonoko/http//www.english.ucsb.edu/faculty/warner/courses/w00/engl30/Oroon1.htmlhttp//www.gradesaver.com/classicnotes/titles/oroonoko/shortsumm.htmlhttp//www.wmich.edu/dialogues/t exts/oroonoko.html

Biometrics Identification Attendance Monitoring System Essay

engine room plays an important role in our society because of modernization. wiz that makes the nonchalant activities of organizations much than convenient is the use of engine room. The internet that is really thick to sidereal day for intervention information, web- ground covers be some example of this and Information Technology (IT) is a fine-looking admirer to many companies. To resolve the problems encountered in the daily processes as well as to make their keep company effective and competitive. trading Analytics is a continuous iterative exploration that refers to the engineering science, application, processes and a fact based management to driven decision making. Philippine cable car Components, Inc. was established in the Philippines in 1995. The company is a part of DENSO Corporation Japan, which is the leading company in automotive technology components in the world. The products atomic number 18 car air-conditioning and thaw systems, electrical automoti ve and electronic control products, filters, fuel management systems, instrument panel clusters and radiators.PAC is certified as ISO 14001 in August 1998 for it regards the economy of natural resources and international and environmental standard. The company perplex the mission to run to the better world by creating take account together with a day-dream for future. Its Vision to become the top design engineering who all told discontinue Electronic automobile technology. Its philosophy, such as Customer felicity to quality products and services, Global Growth by dint of anticipation of change, Environmental deliverance and harmony with society and Corporate vitality and respect for individuality.The organization deeds the spirit of having team hold out, as One for All, All for One. The policy in the manufacturing as 3M- Minimum space, stock, investment 3N- No defect received, produced, delivered 3S- speed, simple, s. o. p and 3Z- secret code emission, variance, accide nt. The principles of HR to their employees to motivate them to determine with encouragement by fully concentrating with their capabilities, to recruit, assign, retain, and develop competitive workers with creative power and fair HR management policies to amass for DENSO recognition in both community and associates.Since they expanded last year, they volition concentrate on recruitment of new employees and maintaining the performances of their menstruum workers. Because of this they exceed much(prenominal) time and focus for the HR Personnel to relent reports about the employees, the applicators as well as the supervisory programs. In the recruitment process, there are appli apprisets that let suffer an exam once they submitted their resume in the company appli empennaget wait hours while screening of their resume which is checked by HR Personnel.Appli open firets who passed the exam bequeath be informed through phone for plan interview and requirements. Usually ap plicants wait months with the result. When an employee prays a sick take into account, he/she is require to fill up explanatory form. Before request bestow acceptance, he is required to submit medical certification for the updating signed by concerned Officers for HR archiving and verification. Ailing personnel is considered unfit to work. Meanwhile, the supervisors have several(prenominal) tasks to accomplish also and the top priority is the work for the flow of the production.They should go to the designation area of the supervisors and employees to update records correcting inconsistencies accomplishing this with given deadline. HR has other reports to be done apart from this. Through cooperation and time management the process with the HR, it should be easier for them to handle. We focused our topic on the HR department about their current process in the recruitment, evaluation and filling leave by the employees as well as the reports for the HR. The researchers want to con tribute to the improvement of the processes through this study.The Philippine railway car Components, Inc. is one of the companies that want improvement, in their office because they encountered inconveniency. The main documentary of the study is to develop efficiently the current process of gracious resources of Philippine Auto Component, Inc. Specifically, the study aims to achieve the following 1. To determine the problem with regards to information rendering of pitying elections. 2. To determine the issues with regards to generating reports of Employees Information. 3. To address accurately the information for the Human resources related decision. 4.To speed up the process of superviseing the records in recruitment, job evaluation and performance, leave request and employees information. 5. To provide a system that can be effective, accurate, reliable, user hail-fellow and secure. 6. To improve the reports and employees information macrocosm mishandled that leads to th e anomic of info and errors in records. conceptual Framework The researchers used a simulacrum structure to support the fundamental principles of the study. A paradigm is a linguistic rule or a model that corresponds to the real world of processes on what the researchers have gathered.It dies the development of the study regarding what the proponents want to improve for the satisfaction among the persons involved in this study. The pick up shows the paradigm that is based upon the process in the Human Resource Department or the office. The paradigm has the Input, Process and Output that volitioning guide the researchers for the development of the automation in some HR processes. INPUTPROCESSOUTPUT Figure 1. Conceptual Framework The figure shows the process in spite of appearance the HR that the information about the employee, applicants and even the supervisors are cosmos recorded.The employees information kindred their leave request, their performances in their designat ed jobs including the personal information and which the department they belong to. The applicants information with the flow of recruitment and their training are also being input. The supervisors are also being evaluated by the employees. This impart be refined and have an output of the reports in evaluations of three, the absence calculations and the lists of the current employees and newly hired as well as the applicants information and list. Significance of the Study Prior to the advent of computerization, data is processed manually.However, in the past few decades, the computer and electronic technology has been corporate into almost every aspect of our lives. They outright play a big role in the lives of community and assist them in taking look at of files and documents. Today, there is probably no better indication of how technologically impart is the society than a computerization process. Nowadays, computers have become the base technology that enables the people to t ap information resources as the fast growing attention of the internet. Great help will be provided for the company Philippine Auto Components, Inc.in terms of trends in Information formation, thus, improving the HR functions and benefits as the delivery of services within the organization. The following are the beneficiaries Company. The Philippine Auto Components, Inc. will benefit because they can save materials like papers and inks as part of their cost in the operation of the company, especially they can now have strategic planning to be more competitive advantages quite on focusing to the manual process that HR has. The company will remove the barrier between the branches or other department. HR Personnel. send away give less effort in the report, target deadlines are being done before the date, reachs human errors, save time, the leave and absences made by the employees are monitored as well as the communication between the applicants and employee is more convenient. The possible loss of information is less. Supervisors. Accurate and up to date leave reporting and a real-time tracking of leave will generate the system. They are easily informed about the leave request and handling of approval and disapproval will not disturb their other work activities within the company.Employees. Can easily file a leave request without filling up many forms like explanation slip, and they can monitor and aware of their allotted leave such as sick leave and vacation leave. They can work in a fair environment. Their performances are also shown for they will be in the sense of improving their jobs and have a goal to do task well managed and be an addition to the company. Applicants. Hiring within the company is easily being known by the applicants and they will prefer online applications than traditional walk-in job hunting which is time consume and costly.The announcement online will benefit them, for they can easily apply for what necessitate job they are looking for. The follow-up Interview schedule through email would be better than waiting for a phone call. Researchers. This will help the future researchers to use this as their reference in their study as well as the programming language being used. This will aid them in enriching their study and will serve as a source of their related literature. Scope and Limitation This study will focus on the HR functions in the company, Philippine Auto Components, Inc.and is intended to eliminate the common problems encountered by the current process of the organization. The information about the current employees, applicants as well as the supervisors will be input to the system. The employees can request a leave which is being approved by the supervisor with the use of the system. Employees can also monitor their allotted leave and performances in their jobs. Applicants can follow-up scheduled interviews through the notification in the HR admin who uses the system. They can also view hiring positio n within the company.HR can monitor the training of the newly hired employees. The information list of employees in their classification belonged to like contractual, under probationary, regular employees and on the job trainees are also being monitored. The allotted or remaining absence or leave will be monitored by the employee. The performances of employees being evaluated by the supervisor and the applicants information are being updated by the HR Personnel. The system offers reports like list of employees, list of applicants, leave monitoring and evaluation reports among the employees.There is a communication between the employee and the HR department and employees can also mention some ideas to the management. The system does not cover the inventory of all the materials inside the company, cannot compute the sales of the company, do not monitor the prices of the product, cannot monitor truck and shipping of the products and cannot make purchase order. Definition of Terms Onl ine. A computer-related application that uses an internet connection to be access by the users of the system to blow over easier and faster among the people involved in the institution.It helps the organization to gain more competitive advantages. Company. This is the working environment that has one goal in achieving their mess in terms of business and customer services depending on their products. Organization. It is the groups of people in the company that are involved in the process of Human Resources and needed to have the full attention with regards to the data handling. I. S. Information System. System that help the current process to be more accurate, efficient, secured, user friendly and make their work and day to day operation be more convenient.HRIS. Human Resource Information System. System that develop to collect, process, store and disperse information applying to the policies and process of the Human Resource Management. HRM. Human Resource Management. It encompass es the recruitment, records, leave reports and other information that provides a safe and fair environment in the company. HR Personnel. Person who are responsible in the Human Resource in the current process. HR Department. The persons who are involved in the data reports, recruitment, evaluation and the whole Human Resource process in the company.Supervisors. The target officer of each department in the company that implement the rules and regulations of the company, communication to the HR for the better flow of the employees job, be motivated and guides them for their leave request. Employees. The persons who work within the companys premises. Applicant. The people who seek job vacancies in the company to have a work and be stable to the day to day life. Leave Request. The employees need to file when in sick, emergency, even maternalism and paternity leave covered on period of the date.Computerization. It is the process of applying technology in the paper handling materials f or betterment of the organizations tasks in the company. Paradigm. A figure of speech that will help the researchers to overview the covered processes of the HR on what are should be the input data and the accurate output of the system. Quantitative Data. It express the datas certain amount or range. It makes sense to set bounce limits to such data and it is also meaningful to apply arithmetic trading operations to data. Quantitative research.This is a technique like surveys whose findings may be express numerically and can be computed through mathematical manipulation. That will help the researchers to estimate the future events or quantities. Lickert Scale. It is the way to measure the mean figure responses and evaluate a study through questionnaire using decrement value (Strongly Agree, Agree, Neither, Disagree and Strongly Disagree). Iterative Waterfall. The focus is on delivering a flair of work as opposed to a series of valuable/shippable features.

Hawthorne’s Typical Females Essay

Hawthornes stories talks a lot about hu objet dart evil deeds and character. Several of the themes ar parables or allegorical picture show of hu piece of music tempera workforcet. Many subscribers takes that his stories posses morals which represents the purification and traditions during his time. Others con officer his approach as sublimely misogynistic due to his portrayal of fair wake. This write up ought to present an analysis of Hawthornes stories. This all overwhelms The Ministers total darkness entomb, Young Goodman dark-br ingest and The Birthmark. It involves a critical analysis of the themes and the plot of land of the stories c immersion on the presentation of women or feminine divisions in the stories.Also, a high regards on the prevalent passionure and traditions during the period when the stories were written exit similarly be analyze to provide a brief account or background as to how the author come up with such(prenominal) ideas. Hawthorne Form er American Literature prior to Hawthornes stories represents woman or female person characters as innocent or as m opposites caring, gentle and kind. In this regards nonp argonil can assume that women atomic number 18 projected and tr occupyed as weak, emotional, grounds and naive (Amoia, 1998). Some horizontal viewed woman as threats which is depicted by evening.Others discard women as simply unimportant. In literature they or so forever play the role of fight downing characters if not servants. This mirrors the typic view of woman during Hawthornes childhood. Men view woman to be inferior. N angiotensin converting enzymetheless such outlook does not affect Hawthornes judgment. Some scholars believe that this is due to the fact he grows up without a father. Living his whole breeding with woman around him, helping and caring for him (Amoia, 1998). Ideas common during the time revolves similarly with equality of men and women as expressed by Rousseau and his followers.In literature, women ar al authoritys seen as witness of a crime or victims. Hawthornes stories tries to remove this stereo usual female function by creating female characters that serves as mens companions rather than their servants. in that location is similarly emphasis addicted on mens fear of woman as the main(prenominal) theme of his writings. Such conclusions are made not through ceremonial but by experience. One should also note that most of Hawthornes writings acquire an impact of social deviation. As he tries to include his main theme in his stories, he also tries to cover it with the smuggled result of human sins or of evil.His writings primarily describe the prude personal manner of life and the culture in America most special(prenominal)ally in Salem, which is his home towns sooner a little. In reading Hawthornes short stories, one would come across a prevailing plot of mans failure or loss of power. Power can then be considered as the central idea where Hawthor nes writings revolve. Men are rendered as powerful, women are pomped as weak. Such denotations stagger with Hawthornes decided referral to womens control of life. Young Goodman Brown In the Young Goodman Brown, Hawthorne portrays a man who is innocent about evil. so, Goodman Brown is a character who does not know about his mistakes or sins. Faith is Goodmans wife, which also acts Goodmans faith in general with reference to life and God. The find of treachery or unfaithfulness of Faith conducts Goodman with doubts and a stereotypical female figure similar to Eve. Goodmans view of Faith as a loving, spiritual wife changes into a whore-like woman similar to most women he knows. In this regards it seems that Hawthorne tries to dissect the usual marital relationship by magnifying mans common notion of woman.This being woman along with sex and all other things which they represent are tools or apparatus which the vex uses to fool men. It seems that this perspective thrives on mens m ind for as early and as long as the story of Adam and Eve hold outs. The Christian religion creates the idea and practice of sexual intercourse as something unnatural and must be done, privately between save and wife. Thus as can be seen in the story of Goodman Brown, the belief in such dogma led him to think that sex is unnatural. Hawthorne gives the commentator the view about sex as something that degrades woman for eternity fashioning it a sin.The Ministers Black Veil The next story which also describes man and woman marital relationship is The Ministers Black Veil. Although the focus of the story seems to revolve around Mr. Hooper and his black becloud, the reader/s cannot miss the part wherein Mr. Hooper had a talk with Elizabeth. Elizabeth is Mr. Hoopers bride-to-be in the story (Stearns). She is a trade good woman and their relationship is good up until Mr. Hooper starts to wear the black obnubilate. The chat between Elizabeth and Mr. Hooper is a opposite regarding t he wearing of the veil and the fence for it.To everyone it seems that the veil symbolizes something close to a inscrutable sin. Hawthorne throw offs the female character looks good or nice while male characters are displayed with evilness. In this particular story, the male character appears deviant not only to the citizens but to the church as well. The wearing of the veil seems to symbolize a secret sin indeed. Nonetheless, if one would read the story in light of the females role, one go out see that the veil actually prevents the marriage between Mr. Hooper and Elizabeth (Stearns). In first reading one whitethorn regard Elizabeth to be inconsiderate.Mr. Hooper even begs her to stay. But upon reading the conversation again, one will see that the smiles of Mr. Hooper symbolize achiever or the gaiety to stay away from Elizabeth. This is in line with the celibacy rule of the church. Hawthorne seems to make his reader consider the fact that celibacy is but a cast of characters a male expression of dominance over women. Everyone in the town believes that the veil that the minister wears symbolizes sin and evil. Hawthorne uses this symbolism to define the norms and the way people think in that town. The story ends with Mr.Hooper telling the people that it is fine if such veil represents sins, nonetheless his sins are covered unlike their sins which are revealed. disgust of woman seems to be obvious in the first few paragraphs of the story. There are consistent referrals on bachelors minding the sermon. The minister needs to attend the funeral of a young lady and the wife who does not want to eat with the minister. With celibacy as a form of excluding woman to a specific male sphere, misogyny is brightly illuminated. With celibacy man has triumph to come out woman from the power vested upon them by God.Inventions or the proliferation of such conventions still exist nowadays with the same purpose but with less effect. Hawthorne makes it explicit that the v eil does create a barrier that grabs away the possibility of woman entering the Ministers life. Hawthorne assists his readers to generate the idea that the veil generates power. When he explains how the veil functions on his sermons and how the veil makes the Minister look more authoritative, it crates the public opinion that a veil signifies power and/or control. The Birthmark This addictive place of man towards power was moreover expounded on Hawthornes The Birthmark.In this story Hawthorne creates a man of genius, depriving from the usual religious role. Hawthorne manages to construct a character which is a man of science. Such man has utilise all his life to the pursuit of Utopia and/or perfection that by which present through the mans persistence to out do draw Nature. The female figure in the story is Georgiana whom the author describes to be almost perfect. Such descriptions of perfection compose physical appearance which must be flawless and fair. This type of beauty my th is something that exists during Hawthornes era up until today.This idea of beauty has successfully controlled women over the years. It defines womans stance and possibilities in life. Another thing that is prominent in Hawthornes depiction of Georgiana was her submission to her husbands wishes. The thought of her letting him do some(prenominal) he thinks to be applicable and best for her even if it means her own death. This sacrifice seems to explore the subjectivity of woman to mens choices and womens submission to mens control. The story also depicts the profound way that men disguise themselves as someone not emotional screen their true selves with a facade of illusions and self-deceptions.In the story, Aylmer conceal his emotional side by being a man of science having the genius to even try to counter nature. Although all of his experiments landed as failures, his display of intention knowledge gives him a higher authority or power over his wife. This is evident in the way by which the story ended, with his wife, Georgina submitting to his wants even at the costs of her death. The hatred of woman evident in the story as discussed by Fetterley covers mans attempts to capture the power that both nature and woman share in common, the power to create.Such power is not available to men making him tactile property inferior. Fetterley also argues that the story provides insights on mans ability to disguise hatred as love, cut up as idealization and failure as successes. In this regard, I believe that Fetterley is right in her reading of the story. Man is indeed capable of binding himself with another identity apart from which he genuinely is and what he really intends as can be seen on Aylmers vision of success marked by an inescapable failure, for his attempt to win over nature only led to a creation of death.Apparently, this creates an image that Aylmer is someone who would do anything to exceed nature and woman, even at the cost of death to conjure his success. When Fetterley accounts that female was envisioned as hideous and unnatural in the story, she mentioned the cult of female beauty which create an idealization of women that makes her look monstrous in her natural form. Women were portrayed to be hated on their natural form, scarce as in the story, when a birthmark represents an imperfection, a thing that may cause her to be hated and thus needs a remedy, which she will be wiling to accept even in expense of her own life.Fetterley showed that man posses such power over women that he can dictate and modulate her outlook, he can even manage and control her life to his liking, making her a possession or a thing that owned by him. Deviation of Female Characters Georgiana deviates from the typical female character the most. She is someone who succumbs to the wishes of her husband as if she is a lab mice. Although she sees the blatant failures he committed in the past, she still worships his genius. At the face of death she still looks forward for his triumph.The other female character such as in the case of Elizabeth managed to leave her husband while Faith at least did not display such display of subjectivity. Elizabeth on the other hand deviates from Georgiana and Faith in the sense that she left her husband instead of standing by his side, which is the typical nature of Hawthornes female character. Female characters are always support characters but take the role as fire starters. It seems that they are the reason or is partially responsible for the actions made by their husbands.The male characters are displayed with an inclination towards evil. The woman are displayed innocent but it is implicitly shown that they are just doing what a good woman should do and how they should act in a society. At the least, plain reading of Hawthornes literature would create an image of woman as reasons for males failure, an image that is common during their time. But thorough reading would guide the reader to the courage an power that woman posses and men lacks. Conclusion All in all, the writings of Hawthorne hold high respect for woman.Although it somehow discusses and depicts hatred of woman, it is quite obvious that it is not the authors purpose to promote such hatred. Instead the misogyny is elaborated to be able to present mans cowardliness and insecurity with respect to woman. It also present the different ways by which man tries to grab the power from woman by making them feel subordinates or looking down at them. Finally, Hawthorne creates female characters which display the typical female in his era. They do not argue with man as much as woman of today do however the way that men sees and/or treat woman stays the same.This might be rooted in the fact that women does not only permit men to treat them as subordinates and or objects but also encourage them. treat CitedAmoia, A. , Hawthornes Rome Then and Now, Nathaniel Hawthorne Review. 1998. Fetterley, J. The Resisting Reader A Femi nist come out to American Fiction. Indiana University Press. 1981. Stearns, F. The life and genius of Nathaniel Hawthorne. Wineapple, B. Hawthorne A Life.. 2004. PagebyPageBooks. com. NAtaniel Hawthorne. Retrieved on April 18, 2008, from http//www. pagebypagebooks. com/Nathaniel_Hawthorne/

Bright ideas Essay

The history of the progress of the hu human beings race is history of gleaming views. Looking at the great breakthroughs we had since civilisation began,we see that from to time at that place has been individuals and groups who challenged established beliefs and overcame limitations that had kept back the race. Known history records breakthroughs with effulgent ideas and base in this,we can safely say that even in cosmos a early breakthroughs had probably been brought about by bright ideas. This flair continues today as man progresses onwards.The first bright idea man ever had would probably was what saved him from wondering and wandering for food, or the presentation of fire. Other came up with the idea of growing food for self do rather than chasing it. Taming I animals also came as a bright idea to man. Tools such as the famous wheel will give you a perfect idea of what Im talking about.Many if our innovative inventions are the result of having such bright ideas of scientis ts who tried vainly for the qualification of them. One has to thank Newton,Einstei,Edison and hundreds of other scientists who have changed our way of lifestyle, how we react, how we so everything. much(prenominal) were those great ideas that shaked the earth. But these bright ideas have made inventions whom we are exploitation for the destruction like the splitting of atom was made for the make of forte electricity bit rather than that its being used for the fashioning of atomic and nuclear bombs that wipes out the entire life in an disciplineIn the future we capture the idea of the making of the time machines and re-create machines. These are also te results if the clones to be formed. Such is the brightness of the bright ideas

Writing the Memo

WRITING AN OFFICE entry If you work as a para well-grounded or law clerk aft(prenominal) your depression or second year of law aim, you go forth nigh seeming fleet some of your time researching and theme objective memorandumranda, or interoffice memos. Typic comp permitelyy, an attorney asks you to entrust a realistic analysis of the law as it applies to the facts of a lymph no(prenominal)es pillow model. The purpose is to inform non persuade. Although you should remember which conclusion favors your client, as well keep in mind that you de dower represent the client most effectively by being objective and realistic.The memo office be read many times possibly, oer a period of months or years by several antithetic attorneys, including the source, who may theatrical role it as a resource long after it is drafted. The attorney will mathematical function the information contained in the memo to advise the client and may do it to prepare a document that will ultimat ely be filed in dally. For example, a partner may be asking you whether a incident client has a valid efficacious claim. If you conclude that the answer is yes, consequently this will believably turn into a lawsuit. At that point, some separate of the memo may be incorporated when the complaint is drafted.The memo might me consulted a third time when the attorney responds to a motion to squeeze out a fourth time while drafting interrogatories a one-fifth time before making a motion for summary appreciation a sixth time before trial and a one-seventh during an appeal and so on. PARTS OF MEMO1 1. A memorandum heading 2. The core (sometimes c all tolded Question Presented) states the promontory(s) that the memorandum resolves. The Issue also itemizes the few facts that you predict to be crucial to the answer. (Such as travel expenses to out-of-state, keeping minor out of danger, and perpetration of crime).The commentator should check the question without having to refer t o the facts. 3. Brief process (sometimes called Conclusion) states the authors prediction and summarizes concisely why it is likely to happen. Some writers be select with a direct response such as yes or probably non. Our book says that they do not prefer this. Sometimes this is client or partner driven. Also, some questions lend themselves to answers such as yes or no. Allusion to determinative facts and rules. Do not omit key facts. Begin by beneficial re-stating your let out as a declarative judgment of conviction. Do not omit the reasoning.Do not imply citation to authority or applications programme of applicable law. Many attorneys only read this part. 4. Facts banding out the facts on which the prediction is based. 5. Discussion is the largest and most complex part of memo. It proves the conclusion set out in brief answer. If the discussion is highly detailed or analyzes several issues, it should be broken pile into subheadings. Here is what the memo will look lik e and much information on from apiece one subdivision. MEMORANDUM TOSenior Partner ravish block-indent so that the information lines up, as demonstrated FROMYour Name assignment(date assignment is submitted)RE(A concise label for the issue considered mention the parties your firm will file your Memo by names and cause of actionand, perhaps, by jurisdiction) The proper format is al agencys double-spaced. Do not double-double space amongst sections. Plain old, regular double-space is sufficient. FACTS Here, recite all material facts, unremarkably in chronological order. A material fact is a dispositive fact, or one upon which the outcome will depend. It is a fact that will guess the outcome in one way or another. Please include all material procedural facts as well as all material substantive facts.This means that it is essential to include all pertinent times, dates, and places. You should lose with an overview sentence that sets the full context and begins to describe th e problem presented. Please review your reading and as many samples as possible to downstairsstand some(prenominal) the range and scope of what is acceptable as professional practice. return your role Watch for the tendency to try to prove something by the way you tell the story. NO LEGAL ANALYSIS 1) USE NEUTRAL run-in AND OBJECTIVE CHARACTERIZATIONS. Rather than writing the D was speeding through the train zone, write the D was traveling 50 MPH through the school zone. Rather than writing The D brutally beat the victim, write The D struck the P on the head, resulting in a cut over his left eye. 2) imply unfavorable and favorable facts. QUESTION PRESENTED Phrased as a question and ending with a question mark, state the specific issue or issues you will distribute. One method is to use the technique under? (describe the law) does? (state the issue) what? ( award the healthyly applicable or dispositive facts). Some memoranda use the super acidly date stampn style of Wheth er . . . . As always, discuss with your professor to see which he or she prefers.But whatever the method, the following advice applies Should be concise single sentences that include relevant facts and general pro authoritys of law. Dont say, Whether a niece can rectify for neglectful painfulness of emotional inconvenience, when you can say, Whether, under Iowa law, a niece who witnesses the aftermath of an elevator car accident involving her uncle from a block away can recover for hit-and-run(prenominal) infliction of emotional distress when she observes his severe injuries upon arrival at the scene. fellateing ANSWER You jointd (or asked) a question in the section preceding(prenominal). Answer it here(predicate) Yes. No. Probably not. drug abuse a period. Your Brief Answer follows the alike(p) formula and sequence as your Question Presented. It answers the questions under? does? what? except, the Brief Answer should include a brief statement of your reasons begi nning with the word because. word The heart of a Memorandum, this section asks you to explain the law and explain the facts. acquire it right will take time. Be patient. Your goal is to synthesize the cases and perpetrate a common rule of law. To do this, you will need to learn the common elements that allow you to analyze and discuss several cases at in one case.A common mistake, legal writers frequently engage in listing behavior. They treat each(prenominal) case independently and sequentially, beginning each dissever with Infor example, In Callow v. Thomas or In Brown v. Brown. Looking down a written rascal, the lawyer will see a ladder-like effect, the in-ladder, where each succeeding paragraph begins with the word in followed by a case title. Often listing behavior culminates in dump-trucking when the lawyer saves up and toss all the legal analysis into the last paragraph.In addition, lawyers will frequently bearing-load, hug all the legal rules of law into the ver y first paragraph. To avoid these pitfalls, begin your discussion with a general overview in a dissertation or roadmap paragraph. Your dissertation paragraph is the first paragraph in the Memorandum and the first paragraph in a Discussion section. Always begin your thesis paragraph with a sentence to anticipateand announceyour ultimate conclusion. speciate the lector where you are headed and be a tour-guide to your argument or analysis. Then, victorious one point at a time, write a thesis sentence that answers the questions of what-is-your-point? of this item paragraph. Next, set forth the legal persist that applies. Include the proper citation. Next, dismember (explain) what the law or legal rule means. Next, Analyze (explain) how the relevant facts fit (or do not fit) the legal or existent standard. Finally, Conclude each paragraph with a summarizing statement and each sub-issue with a specific sub-issue summary. Sometimes, this method is referred to as a variation of the acronym IRAC. Other legal writing professors have some other acronym such as REAAC or FIRAC. Still, others simply refer to it as the 5-step process. Keep in ind that these are all formulas that legal writing professionals are using to introduce you to presenting a legal argument. Ultimately, you will use a style or formula that working best for your particular argument. But virtually both aspect of every legal argument must contain a 1) Statement of Rule or Applicable Law 2) Analysis of the law and how it Applies to your relevant facts and 3) a Conclusion on each of these sub-issues. Similarly, when a discussion requires several paragraphs, the writer may not reproduce the exact IRAC structure within each and every paragraph, but may require several paragraphs to develop fully the full set.As always, know your audience and talk about the method of legal analysis that your professor, or in the future, your employer, prefers. And remember that learning how to synthesize statutes, c ases, and secondary sources and indeed presenting them in a clear, concise, and logical manner takes time and practice. A FEW IDEAS ABOUT WRITING MEMORANDA2 Many students, approaching memo writing for the first time, are often un accepted of how to proceed. We have put unneurotic a few tips for first (and second and third) time memo writers that we believe will be helpful.Note No single set of guidelines could possibly address all the matters related to memo writing. If you have questions about a particular assignment, be sure to check with your professor. 1. Find the test(s). In assigning a memorandum, professors are generally evaluating you on parsing a particular statute or test. In other words, they want you to use other cases to explain how your case either does or does not satisfy a test situated out in a case or a statute. For example, lets say your case involves a niece (bloody shame) who witnessed her uncle (Jack) being injured in an automobile accident.Mary wants to bring suit for negligent infliction of emotional distress as a result of witnessing that accident. In Burger v. McDonald, the Supreme Court of Iowa laid out a common chord part test to determine whether a bystanders injury was reasonably foreseeable and, thus, legally actionable 1. Whether the bystander was determined near the accident. 2. Whether the injury resulted from sensory and contemporaneous observance of the accident, as conflicting to hearing about it from others after its occurrence. 3. Whether the bystander and the victim were closely related.NOTE If the memo involves more than one issue, your memorandum may involve more than one test. 2. Use the test as your outline. Tests come in two parts, or three (as above), often with subsections. Ideal for an outline. Use the major parts of the test as your major points, the subparts as sub-sections. divide Structure 3. Begin paragraphs with affirmative propositions that replicate the test. In the above example, your first se ntence should say something like Mary was situated near the scene of her uncles accident, satisfying the first part of the Burger test. 4.Support your affirmative propositions. All propositions of a legal nature must have legal support. Where is your authority for your proposition? Cite it. For example See Burger, 606 N. W. 2d at 321 (bystander must be located near accident to recover for negligent infliction of emotional distress). 5. Discuss the facts of your support. What happened in the case you just cited? Explain in a concise and relevant way. For example In Burger, the court held that a mother who witnessed an accident on the street from the front door of her house was located near the scene of an accident. 6. Discuss the relevant facts of your case. Point to the facts that are similar to the facts of the authority youve just discussed. For example, you could continue from above as follows Mary was standing a block from the accident, heard the crash, and adage her uncle be ing pulled, bleeding, from the car. 7. Analogize/Conclude. What conclusions do you think the court will draw from the similarity between your facts and the facts of your authority? For example Although Mary did not see the accident, she was close enough to hear it and witness her uncle being pulled from the car.Thus, a court will likely conclude that she was located near the accident. Alternative Paragraph Structure 8. Discuss other relevant authority. Once youve opened the preliminary paragraph with your affirmative proposition, your incidental paragraphs can discuss the facts of other relevant cases without repeating the proposition as your opening sentence. For example, you could begin the next paragraph In Cameron v. Jones, the Court of Appeals held that a mother who was twenty-five feet away from her child when she heard a metal sculpture fall on him was located near the scene of the accident. 9.Discuss contrary authority. Are there cases that go against your position (or t he position the partner/judge/etc. would like you to hold)? Another subsequent paragraph could open with But, in Alfred v. Stern, the court held that a father did not have a valid cause of action for negligent infliction of emotional distress. Then follow steps 5, 6, and 7, above, except this time, when concluding, tell the reader why the court wont follow or give much weight to this contrary authority (e. g. , the facts are different). 10. Move on to the next part of the test. Follow steps 3-9 above for the next section of your test.Remember, a memorandum also includes issues presented, a brief answer (which commonly follows the issues presented), and a statement of facts. These are often best written after youve written the body of the memorandum, since youll have a better idea of the issues once youve tackled the problem (though a tentative draft might help to get you started). Here is a checklist for those introductory sections of an office memorandum Heading 1. contrive you include the name of the requesting attorney (or professor), your name, the date, the clients name, and a phrase identifying the particular legal matter or issue?Facts 2. retain you included all legally significant facts? 3. come you included sufficient genuine context? 4. have a bun in the oven you included any major emotional facts? 5. Have you avoided including discussion of legal authority? 6. Have you avoided arguing the facts or outline legal conclusions? 7. Have you identified the client and the clients website at the beginning of the Fact Statement? 8. Have you selected an appropriate governing body (chronological, topical) for the facts? 9. Have you maintained neutral language and objective characterizations? 10.Have you included both favorable and unfavorable facts? Question Presented 11. Have you stated the legal question and the significant facts? 12. Have you edited to achieve one readable sentence? 13. Have you maintained an objective perspective? Brief Answer 14 . Have you stated the answer in the first several words? 15. Have you included a statement of the rule? 16. Have you stated a summary of the reasoning leading to the answer? 17. Have you kept the BA to a maximum of one-third to one-half a double-spaced page? 18. Have you taken a position, even if you are not sure? 1 Be sure to keep in mind that an office memo is an internal document for law firms therefore, each particular firm is likely to have a preferred format. For example, the firm may use different words for different sections title, may order sections differently than described here, or it may include other sections not described in this manual. If your reader (whether it be your professor or your employer) has a preferred format, obviously use it. If you are not sure if your reader has a particular preference, then ask 2 Many of these tips were originally created by Writing Resource Center, University of Iowa College of Law.

University of Phoenix Material: Appendix C

University of Phoenix bodily Appendix C Part I Define the following toll Term Definition Discrimination * This is the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of preconceived notion or other arbitrary reasons. * Institutional secernment * This is the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals or groups, resulting from normal operations of a society. * Political correctness * This merchant ship withal be c alled political correct, this is a term which denotes language, ideas, policies, and behavior, seeking to minimize tender and institutional offenses in occupations.Such as gender, religion, racial, and sexual orientation. * Part II * hold open a 150- to 250-word response to each of the following questions * * How is discrimination different from disadvantage and stereotyping? * Discrimination is different from prejudice and stereotyping by that of discrimination actually takes action. Whereas prejudice and stereotyping are mo re of making assumption of a person or a race, assuming that they are iodine way due to their ethnicity or what they heard ab forbidden them before getting to know them.Discrimination as I stated actually takes action there are so umpteen different types of discrimination that actually take place today. Example dislike crimes- masses do these acts based on a persons race, religion, or sexual preference. With this form families. Another type of discrimination is institutional discrimination this pile hinder approximatelyone from being hired because of their former(prenominal) or even color. An institution can hire just one race that controls all the laws over a town, and then make it solid for the minority to live since they may not know what it is like to make out with everyday life. * * * What are the causes of discrimination? * * There are speculations of what causes racism some of this is caused by stereotyping. This can be caused by reading, practice of medicine, telev ision, and internet, say for instance a young child was watching television or listening to music and saw how slew of one ethnicity acted they may then assume all are like this causing them to discriminate against another race. Another mover of discrimination can be unfamiliarity there is a saying- people fear what they do not know, or yet to find out about. both(prenominal) people are afraid to go out and meet invigorated people based on what they hear or watch on television thinking that they are the same as the people they watch. If people grow up only around their race then the chances of them go racists and discriminate towards another race then become higher. Environmental factors can also lead to discrimination such as the way a person lives, maintains their property, and how they keep up their appearance. All of this can have a person become hateful towards you, or if they heard a sure race lives a certain way and then sees it, they then think it and hate the race too. * * How is discrimination go about by one indistinguishability group (race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, gender, sexual orientation, age, or disability) the same as discrimination set about by another? How are they different? Discrimination faced by one group is the same as discrimination faced by another by wanting it to stop. Not one ethnicity wants to be discriminated against, or have their children, wives, and family walk in fear not sharp if something is going to happen to them. Any race wants to live the same as any other race, safe, and peacefully, not having to fear tomorrow.Races that are discriminated against also can be the same as the other race by public exposure the word of what is going on, and helping people who have this problem purpose ways to conquer it. They can be different by many an(prenominal) ways such as the way a race worrys the discrimination. Some can act out by hurting people, retaliating, and teaching their children to do the same. Others can handle it in a nonresponsive way by ignoring it and bit the other cheek. Some may call the police and let them handle it, while others take it into their own hands.

Green Mountain Coffee Essay

Green Mountain cocoa Roasters (GMCR) started as a small caf in Waitsfield, Vermont in the year of 1981. It was in 1993 that the union went public and acquired the early material body of Keurig Incorporated Inc, and then completed the acquisition in 2006. (Unknown.( 2004). Gmcr.Retrieved from http//www.gmcr.com/about-GMCR.html) Once these ii companies combined it made the way we drink beverages different than ever earlier in both the home and office. According to GMCRs website Today, GMCR is recognized as a leader in specialty burnt umber and hot chocolate makers, and acknowledge for its award-winning coffees, innovative brewing technology, and environmentally and socially responsible melodic phrase practices. ((Unknown.( 2004). Gmcr.Retrieved from http//www.gmcr.com/about-GMCR.html)GMCR has three disdain units that they operate with today. The first being specialty coffee which includes Green Mountain Coffee, Tullys Coffee, Diedrich Coffee, and Coffee People. The 2nd unit i s the Keurig business unit, which created the signal form brewing system. The 3rd and final is the GMCR Canada. The GMCR Canada is owns all gross sales for the company and includes the Van Houtte business as well as herds grasss World Coffee brand. ((Unknown.( 2004). Gmcr.Retrieved from http//www.gmcr.com/about-GMCR.html)The current CEO is Brian Kelley who joined GMCR in 2012. Before GMCR Brian Kelley was Coca-Colas Chief Product Supply Officer , and chairperson and CEO of SIRVA, Inc. ((Unknown.( 2004). Gmcr.Retrieved from http//www.gmcr.com/about-GMCR.html) as well as former(a) companies such as Ford Motor Company, GE, and Proctor and Gamble.In 2011 net sales were 2,650.9 unmatched thousand million which was up 95% over fiscal 2010. (http//investor.gmcr.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=622448) The acquisition of Van Houtte which took impersonate in December, 2010 in extendition to the partnership with Starbucks and Dunkin Donuts with the K-cups option of their coffee has he lped add over 321.4 million to the net sales in 2011. (http//investor.gmce.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=622448) GMCR has bring inn accelerated emersion over the last couple of years due to its Keurig single cup brewing system and the K-cups that go along with it. Below is the breakout for the 2011 monetary Financial Review provided by (http//investor.gmcr.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=622448). 2011 2010 $ IncreaseSWOT ANALYSISStrengthsWeaknessS1-Strong character with its customersW1- Keurig single-cup brewers all made by one manufacture S2-AcquisitionsW2-Large % sales from one area of the business (K-cups & brewers) S3-Marketing W3-Forecasting due to such overnight espouseerOpportunitiesThreatsO1- Increase marketing to the age group of 40 and older T1- hazard of patents expiring allowing other competitors into the market O2-Increase marketing in the Supermarket locationsT2- Keurig single-cup brewers all made by one manufacture O3- Introduce other manufacturesT3-Product r ecalls & product liabilityT4- Coffee availabilityANALYSIS VIA PORTERS FIVE FORCES MODELThe threat of new entrantsThe bargaining power of buyersThe bargaining power of suppliers The competition of this typesetters case of product & function because of cost overhead would need to come from an already known company or a company that becomes achievementful afterward the patients expire that GMCR hold. Strong threatOver time as patients expire buyers will welcome bargaining power. ThreatGMCR has one manufacuting for the K-cups and brewing systems which resides in China. Weakness The threat of switch over product and servicesThe intensity of rivalry among competitors in an industry The threat of electric switch is high. ThreatAlthough there are other companies that try to offer the like service, GMCR is at the top of the coffee industry for this type of service. StrengthSTRATEGY employGMCR is using a differentiation strategy by offering a different way for the consumer to enjoy s pecialized coffees, afternoon teas, vitriolic chocolate, and other hot beverages in their own homes, workplaces, and hotels at an overall lower cost than coffee houses. They are able to do this by taking the lead in the market due to their strengths in product armment, licensing agreements with partners, and on-going flourishing acquisitions. GMCR growth through with(predicate) their acquisition strategy and their licensing agreements have been the biggest contributors to their growth. In 1998 when Keurig launched its first single- cup brewer for the office environment GMCR was there to partner with. (Dess,G, Lumpkin, G. & Eisner, A.(2012). strategical Management (6e). capital of Massachusetts McGraw-Hill Irwin.)From that point on it just comprehendd whether it be the agreement with Starbucks in 2011 or the agreement with Dunkin Donuts in that same year to sell K-cups with both Starbucks and Dunkin Donuts coffee they continue to thrive in the market. If we look at Porters gen eric strategies that our text talks of we can strike the following. Differentiation The product and service that GMCR brings to the market is the best value for expenditure and quality. Focus strategy The acquisitions and licensing agreements that GMCR has been able to focus on continues to allow success to the buyer markets and geographic markets. Overall cost leadership GMCR is able to limit cost low because of the amount of product they supply to the customer without untold competition.THE ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACING THIS COMPANYI think for now GMCR will continue to have competitive advantage. GMCR should be able to accomplish this by keep to offer their K-cups and brewing systems at the same competitive price to the same type of customer. Although patents are ready to expire and more of the product and service will be able to join the market, I feel that GMCR with their olden record of new product innovation will continue to sieve in the coffee market and lead the way for competitors to follow.COURSE OF effect RECOMMENDEDIt ascertainms to be that because of the success of Keurig & K-cups that GMCR has put all their eggs in one basket without much focus on the rest of their products. We can see this in both the 2010 and 2011 earnings (http//investor.gmcr.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=622448). With patents becoming expired in the underweight future by recommendation would be that GMCR starts to focus on the other products that they sell or that they start to work on the next long product for the coffee industry. My fear is once patents expire that you may see some of the larger distributers try to come into the Market and possible succeed if there able to produce the same product at a lower cost.OPINIONMy opinion of the case field of view is first I had no idea that GMCR was such a large company. I entert drink coffee but am a tea drinker and I guess I just didnt knuckle under much attention to the marketing and advertising . Im sure eno ugh they would like to hear this feedback, it may give them a clue as to where the marketing needs to go during the next phase. With that being said this company to me shows the true meaning of great business leadership and a successful supply chain and focus strategy. During the research I even plant a joint venture with 3M the company I work with. It seems that 3M helped GMCR develop a coffee filter. This was a very enjoyable case study and it showed a great example of how to be successful in my opinion.ReferencesDess, G., Lumpkin, G. & Eisner, A. (2012). Strategic Management (6e). Boston McGraw-Hill Irwin.Green mountain coffee roasters, inc.. (09/1). Retrieved from http//investor.gmcr.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=622448Unknown. (2004). Gmcr. Retrieved from http//www.gmcr.com/about-GMCR.html